Hallo,
ich habe u.a. eine via eSATA angeschlossene externe 1TB-FP Hitachi HDT721010SLA360. Sie hat 32 Tage Laufzeit und wurde 134 mal eingeschaltet. Nach meiner Meinung ist das für eine Festplatte sehr wenig. Nun zunächst die Ausgabe des ersten sudo fdisk -l:
Platte /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GByte, 1000204886016 Byte 255 Köpfe, 63 Sektoren/Spur, 121601 Zylinder Einheiten = Zylinder von 16065 × 512 = 8225280 Bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0003c3cf Gerät boot. Anfang Ende Blöcke Id System /dev/sdc1 * 1 60800 488375968+ 83 Linux /dev/sdc2 60801 121601 488384032+ f W95 Erw. (LBA) /dev/sdc5 60801 60806 48163+ b W95 FAT32 /dev/sdc6 60807 121601 488335806 bc Unbekannt
Die "Unbekannt"-Partition war eine "Acronis Secure Zone", die einmal vom Windows-Programm "Acronis True Image" angelegt worden war.
Dann kam sudo badblocks -nsv -o foo_n_1000.badblocks /dev/sdc:
Suche nach defekten Blöcken im zerstörungsfreien Lesen+Schreiben-Modus Von Block 0 bis 976762583 Suche nach defekten Blöcken (zerstörungsfreier Lesen+Schreiben-Modus) Teste mit zufälligen Mustern: erledigt en Durchgang beendet, 50 defekte Blöcke gefunden.
Danach habe ich die auf der Platte befindlichen Daten woanders hin kopiert. Jetzt kam der zerstörende Modus sudo badblocks -wsv -o foo_w_1000_extern.badblocks /dev/sdc:
Suche nach defekten Blöcken (Lesen+Schreiben-Modus) Von Block 0 bis 976762583 Teste mit Muster 0xaa: erledigt n Lesen und Vergleichen:erledigt n Teste mit Muster 0x55: erledigt en Lesen und Vergleichen:erledigt en Teste mit Muster 0xff: erledigt en Lesen und Vergleichen:erledigt en Teste mit Muster 0x00: erledigt en Lesen und Vergleichen:erledigt en Durchgang beendet, 0 defekte Blöcke gefunden.
Nun war die Ausgabe von sudo fdisk -l:
Platte /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GByte, 1000204886016 Byte 255 Köpfe, 63 Sektoren/Spur, 121601 Zylinder Einheiten = Zylinder von 16065 × 512 = 8225280 Bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Festplatte /dev/sdc enthält keine gültige Partitionstabelle
Die Platte ist jetzt also wie erwartet völlig blank, aber überraschenderweise angeblich auch ohne defekte Blöcke! Weil ich diesem Ergebnis aber nicht so recht traue habe ich mit der "Laufwerksverwaltung" (früher "Palimpsest") die Selbsttests zum Prüfen der Plattenoberfläche auf Fehler erfolgreich abgeschlossen. Die SMART-Werte waren mit dem Ergebnis: Fehlerhafte Sektoren: "29 defekte Sektoren", Allgemeine Einschätzung (grün): "Das Laufwerk enthält einige fehlerhafte Sektoren"; Attribut mit Kennung 5, Anzahl neu zugewiesener Sektoren: 29 (Grenzwert: 5).
Zur Sicherheit abschließend noch sudo smartctl -t long /dev/sdc:
smartctl 5.40 2010-03-16 r3077 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 235 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Tue Jul 10 01:23:02 2012 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
Ausgabe von sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdc:
smartctl 5.40 2010-03-16 r3077 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi Deskstar 7K1000.B
Device Model: Hitachi HDT721010SLA360
Serial Number: STF605MS0TR5HK
Firmware Version: ST6OA31B
User Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 bytes
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Tue Jul 10 08:01:55 2012 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (14090) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 235) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 100 100 054 Pre-fail Offline - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 128 128 024 Pre-fail Always - 474 (Average 421)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 552
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 29
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 100 100 020 Pre-fail Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 766
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 134
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 565
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 565
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 166 166 000 Old_age Always - 36 (Lifetime Min/Max 20/63)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 29
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 353 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 353 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 656 hours (27 days + 8 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 30 d0 04 45 e2 Error: UNC 48 sectors at LBA = 0x024504d0 = 38077648
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 80 80 04 45 e2 08 4d+06:27:20.600 READ DMA
c8 00 80 00 04 45 e2 08 4d+06:27:20.600 READ DMA
c8 00 80 80 03 45 e2 08 4d+06:27:20.600 READ DMA
c8 00 80 00 03 45 e2 08 4d+06:27:20.600 READ DMA
c8 00 80 80 02 45 e2 08 4d+06:27:20.600 READ DMA
Error 352 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 504 hours (21 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 1a 86 c5 e0 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00c5861a = 12944922
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 18 86 c5 e0 08 01:12:58.800 READ DMA
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:58.800 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:58.800 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:58.700 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:58.700 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 351 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 504 hours (21 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 1a 86 c5 e0 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00c5861a = 12944922
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 18 86 c5 e0 08 01:12:53.800 READ DMA
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:53.800 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:53.800 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:53.700 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:53.700 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 350 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 504 hours (21 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 1a 86 c5 e0 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00c5861a = 12944922
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 18 86 c5 e0 08 01:12:48.800 READ DMA
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:48.800 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:48.800 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:48.700 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:48.700 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 349 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 504 hours (21 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 1a 86 c5 e0 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00c5861a = 12944922
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 18 86 c5 e0 08 01:12:43.800 READ DMA
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:43.800 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:43.800 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 01:12:43.800 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 01:12:43.700 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 758 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 744 -
# 3 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 697 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.Also exakt dasselbe, nur noch etwas ausführlicher, wie mit der "Laufwerksverwaltung"!
Fragen:
Was bedeutet das Error: UNC 48 sectors at LBA = 0x024504d0 = 38077648 in der Ausgabe von
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdc?Muss ich mir jetzt Sorgen machen, dass ein Plattencrash bevorsteht?
Taugt – wie schon der Titel fragt – die 1TB-Fesplatte mit 29 "Reallocated_Sectors" zur Not überhaupt noch als Backup-Platte für das Home-Verzeichnis => Zuverlässigkeit (eine neue weitere, größere, will ich mir sowieso bald noch zulegen)?
Oder hat etwa doch der zerstörende Modus
sudo badblocks -wsv -o foo_w_1000_extern.badblocks /dev/sdc(mit 0 defekten Blöcken) Recht?
Oder besser versuchen die FP umzutauschen (geht noch für ca. 10 Wochen)?